Probably don't need to adjust the height, you can but that's not likely the cause of your shifting problem.

It's likely the new crank is spaced slightly different than the old one and a minor adjustment to the limit screws will allow you to shift correctly.

If it's a road bike then it could be a cable adjustment as well.

The crank length should be irrelevant but it might be worth dropping the derailleur a touch as you've now got a smaller big chainring. Any chance the lateral position of the chainrings was also effected during the switch meaning you need to adjust the range of travel?

Sounds fine to me as is. I don't know what these other people are saying.

Pink?

This. Assuming it was adjusted correctly for the 53 it should still work for the 52.

Your most likely problem is the limit screw. Minor adjustment.

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"...the street finds its own uses for things"