Unfortunately I have never seen direct numbers. I think Superdave posted some a while back. What your really looking at comparing is two equal size gearing combo. a 50 X 11 compact and a 56 x 13. These give almost the same speed at the same cadence. With the 50 X 11 the chain is angled and wrapped around smaller curves. This definately will result in power loss, particularly going from the 11 to the 13. How much is hard to tell. A researcher named Alan Lim might have some answers.
Styrrell
Styrrell