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At least those stats. Intuitively that didn't strike me as correct but I didn't give it any thought, but I'm pretty sure it's not cumulative.
Wouldn't you just average the chance of dying over the 4 years? So if it was 5, 6, 7, 8% for years 1 through 4 in office than the chance of dying in office would be 26/4 = 6.5%?
The math on living or dying over a set period of time is going to be very person dependent. The likelihood of a old person dying in the next year will be heavily dependent on the person being healthy the year before. Biden is more healthy, with better access to medical technology/constant supervision/etc. I am not sure how much biden's lifestyle vs. an average 80 year old will play into things. He should be more stressed/over worked.
https://www.ssa.gov/.../STATS/table4c6.html The math is taken from the above link. If you have 100,000 people born in year 0 - 45,385 are left at 82, and 32,273 are left at 86. That is around 70% of people survived from ages 82->86. (I would assume a lot of unhealthy people didnt make it to 82 - so it is somewhat self correcting).
If you compare that with 92,000 people alive at age 50 v. 90,000 remaining at 54, there is a huge drop off in older peoples chances of surviving the next 4 years. This is probably closely tied to older people not being able to get their "21" in.
The last 6 presidents to die are below. People dont live or stay healthy forever.
1. HW - 94 (had parkinsons starting at around 78)
2. Ford - 93 (suffered strokes starting around 87 years old)
3. Reagan - 93 (had Alzheimer's diagnosed around 83)
4. Nixon 81
5. Johnson - 64 (died in 73)
6. Truman = 88 (died in 72)