I'll second Bourg d'Oisans and Briancon, then add Bagneres-de-Bigorre...those were the 3 that came to top of mind first. I stayed in Bagneres-de-Bigorre and
Guillestre (near Briancon), and you've got several HC climbs right outside of town with light, friendly traffic. I was really impressed with the routes around Barneres-de-Bigorre, so if I had to choose one, that would be it. I'm honestly up in the air about places in the USA. Lots of great places to ride, but nothing like what I experienced in France. The biggest issue here are the drivers.
"Most of my heroes don't appear on no stamps"
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