Does ITU have a specific rule or is it a case of the generic rule to follow FINA, UCI, IAAF when there is no such such rule. I had to advise a Technical Official on the wording of a specific swim rule when they found an athlete using a tempo trainer.

Fortunately it was a pro-active sorry you can't use that device in a race and not a penalty/DQ.

ITU :
c.) The ITU Competition Rules specify the conduct and behaviour of athletes during ITU competitions. Where the ITU Competition Rules do not specify, the rules of International Swimming Federation (FINA), International Cycling Union (UCI), International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), International Ski Federation (FIS), IPC Swimming, IPC Athletics and IPC Nordic Skiing will apply in their specific segments, unless ITU Technical Committee decides otherwise;

4. SWIMMING: 4.1.
General Rules:
a.) Athletes may use any stroke to propel themselves through the water. They may also tread water or float. Athletes are allowed to push off the ground at the beginning and the end of every swim lap;
b.) Athletes must follow the prescribed swim course;
c.) Athletes may stand on the bottom or rest by holding an inanimate object, such as a buoy or stationary boat;
d.) In an emergency, an athlete should raise an arm overhead and call for assistance. Once official assistance is rendered, the athlete must retire from the competition;
e.) Athletes may sportingly maintain their own space in the water: (i) Where athletes make accidental contact in the swim and then immediately afterwards move apart no penalty will be incurred; (ii) (iii)
f.) Where athletes make contact in the swim, and an athlete continues to impede the progress of the other athlete without moving apart, this action will result in a time penalty; Where athletes deliberately target another athlete to impede their progress, gain unfair advantage and potentially cause harm will result in disqualification and may be reported to World Triathlon Tribunal for potential suspension or expulsion.

Rules about water quality are outlined in section 10.


FINA : SW 10.5 Standing on the bottom during freestyle events or during the freestyle portion of medley events shall not disqualify a swimmer, but he shall not walk.

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2020 National Masters Champion - M40-44 - 400m IM
Canadian Record Holder 35-39M & 40-44M - 200 m Butterfly (LCM)