Here’s my perspective as a PT that currently has about 7 ACL’s on my caseload currently, and sees about 50 a year:
Regarding the MCL, that essentially gets ignored as it will scar over and heal. That aspect won’t affect your recovery other than you may feel a bit more pain over the inside of your knee.
Depending on who does your rehab will depend on how quickly you get back out there. I’ve gotten kids back out to 100% (including jumping, cutting, agility stuff) in as quick as 4 months, but DO NOT like to rush it like this. Generally it takes 5-6 months. I’ve had a few cases where things didn’t go as planned and it took 8-10. I’ve heard of cases where it took 13+ months, but I seriously question what they’re doing in their rehab. Getting back to biking and swimming will be the quickest. You should be able to get start getting back up to speed with this training at about 2 months. I usually start my athletes running at about 8-10 weeks, but wouldn’t like for them to be doing any actual distance training until about 4months or more as I don’t want to have to manage overuse injuries that developed because of muscle imbalances and other stuff that we’re trying to manage.
In regards to overall recovery, I’ll tell you what I tell my patients (and their advice may be different as it depends on the surgeon and the PT, so YMMV): The first 2 weeks is really focused on getting the quad firing again and getting the range of motion back. They’re braced in full extension and can progress off crutches as they get more comfortable weight bearing. They’re usually off crutches by 2 weeks. From 2-6 weeks, the focus is on getting the rest of the range of motion and you’ll be done with the “post surgical” brace by then. In regards to exercise stuff, I REALLY hammer proper squat and deadlift technique during this time frame in addition to a lot of core work. At 8-10 weeks I’ll usually do an isokinetic test to make sure their strength is where I want it and if there is less than a 40% deficit we’ll start running. The goal during this phase is to get the running gait back to normal and to start getting strong. I use a lot of single leg stuff - single leg squats, single leg deadlifts, lunges, rearfoot elevated split squats, and other variations as single leg training is criticial. Once they have less than a 30% strength deficit (usually about 12-14 weeks) we’ll start plyometrics to go through jumping and landing techniques. Of course, we’re still trying to get strong here as well. This will continue, in addition to the introduction of some agility ladder training at 5 months until they return to 100%.
The meniscus is the wild card in the whole scenario as it depends on where the tear is, whether they take it out or repair it, and how significant it is. My overall plan doesn’t really change, but the progression is a bit more unpredictable. Overall, the surgery is very successful. In regards to finding somebody to do it: As was said above, look for a surgeon that does a TON. The two I work closely with do over 50 a year, every year. In regards to looking for a PT, don’t hesistate to ask questions. The clinic I’m in sees a ton of ACL’s, and we often get ACL’s from other clinics as they aren’t managed correctly. Make sure the PT isn’t going to waste your time with a bunch of mat exercises, and that their idea of a full recovery is the same as yours. I’ve seen some folks “cleared” that looked like garbage with their strength and were never taught to jump or cut.
If you have any further questions, feel free to send a PM.