Hi Michelle,
As always, the standard disclaimer of “without being able to see…” etc., applies.
I would venture to guess that your husband has never gotten comfortable with being face-down in the water, so he’s rushing his stroke trying to get air. Being face down in water is an unnatural position; our prehistoric brain wants us to pull our head up. When the head comes up, the hips go down, and then we’re “snow plowing” through the water, swimming as if we’re trying to get up on top of the water. Of course, we can’t get on top of the water, so we sink. When we sink, our prehistoric brain screams, “We’re sinking!!” and we start scrambling trying to get up on top of the water, which causes us to sink, gulp, scramble, sink, gulp…
One of the most challenging things I find for new swimmers to understand is the necessity of S L O W I N G D O W N and relaxing when doing drills (ANY drills). Drilling is NOT swimming - it’s DRILLING. But without mastering the drills, it’s very difficult to master the skills needed for efficient swimming. One of the most basic and most important drills is the Body Balance drill. There’s all kinds of variations of this drill, but the basic premise is to get comfortable being IN the water face down. When we’re swimming, very little of our body is actually out of the water, so becoming comfortable being immersed is critical. Again, the MOST important thing with Body Balance drilling is to do them with MINIMAL effort, concentrating on the specifics of the drill, NOT getting to the other end of the lane. Use of fins is usually helpful, just so that there’s some forward movement (which aids in staying balanced). As the balance drills progress through their various stages, one key concept is to NOT turn the head to breathe; you turn your HIPS and allow your entire body to roll on it’s central axis until your face is just far enough out of the water to allow for a breath. Again, VERY LITTLE EFFORT means very little need for oxygen, which allows for these drills to be done slowly and methodically.
Once he’s comfortable with the body balance drills, then progressing on to other stroke specific drills (One Arm, Underswitch/Overswitch (AKA Catch-Up drill), Fist drills, etc.) will be much easier, and his breathing should stabilize (encourage bilateral breathing!) since he won’t feel as though he’s constantly drowning.
There’s tons of videos all over the Internet on all these drills, and most of them are good. Just do a Google on “Body Balance swim drills” and go find the ones that make sense to you.
Hope this helps!
Brian