I don’t think your explanation is terribly clear, but I think I get the jist…
There are two types of valve extensions to go with the two types of inner tubes…
Yes, most clincher tubes, especially lower priced, are of the NON-removable valve core (NRVC) type. Many/most valve extensions are built for these tubes, including from Zipp. Take a pair of pliers, “lock” open the tube’s lock nut, add some teflon tape to seal to the tube’s thread and screw the extension on OVER the valve core. Theses are also referred as “blow and go”. Place the tire pump or CO2 inflator over the extension, blow, then ride off… nothing else to do. You can’t reach the nut to loosen it before adding air, nor tighten it after pumping it up. The air in the extension is NOT pressurized. You need a long, thin (2mm?) allen wrench, or equivalent stiff wire/coat hanger, to stick down the center of the extension to deflate the tire.
Yes, some clincher tubes, almost always in the more expensive price range, have a removable valve core (RVC)… This does not imply that spending more on a tube guarantees to get a removable core. As seen in my second picture above, from Tufo, the valve extension has male threads and an o-ring to screw into the inner tube once the valve core has been removed. The other end has female threads for the valve core to screw into. These extensions can be “stacked”… if one isn’t long enough, screw in a second before adding the valve core back to the top of the stack. The air in the extension(s) IS pressurized. Since the valve core is at the top, the lock nut can be loosened to pump the tire/tube, then tightened and “locked” to keep the air pressure in.
Additionally, if needed, NRVC extensions can be used instead of, or even in addition to, RVC extensions. However, since you went through the effort to get RVC tubes and RVC extensions, why would you throw out the benefit of keeping the core/lock nut accessible by covering it up with a NRVC extension, unless in an emergency? Or trying to get the 0.0001 w aero advantage because the tip of the NRVC extension is smaller and smoother than the valve core’s lock nut?
Tubeless versus tubular… As the name implies, tubeLESS does not need an inner tube. The clincher style tire seals to the rim. This requires rims built for tubeLESS tires. The spoke holes need to be sealed, and a valve tube is attached to the rim. TubeLESS tires have been getting popular on mountain bikes for the past several years.
Tubular, often abbreviated “tubies” (pronounced “too-bees”, not “tub-ees”), is a tire sewn around an inner tube. This tire is glued to a tubular specific wheel/rim. Tubulars are generally more expensive than clincher + tube, and requires more skill to install properly compared to a clincher (don’t pinch the tube between the tire bead and rim). Tubulars are generally only found on higher end road bikes including time trial bikes/wheels.
Joe