It’s equipped with Ultegra 9 speed components, a Hed3 in front, a Hed standard disc at the back and a Bontrager bullhorn base bar with HED cliplite s-bends.
You want to upgrade the bike to make it a tiny bit faster, but can only afford to replace one of the above mentioned parts. What would you choose to replace and why?
OK then, rear race wheel with a powertap (or one of the other power meters if we don’t have to change one of the things you listed). Again, assuming the fit is good, you’ve got the gear so will gain more from smarter or better training hence the powermeter.
Unless you race hilly, twisty courses, then going to 10 speed or lighter wheels might help.
How about addressing rotating weight? Look at your shoe/pedal combination and see if by going to new pedals/shoes you can drop any weight. There was a thread on it a while ago and while I don’t recall it verbatim, going to lighter pedals really seemed to help.
How is your fit on the bike? The team time trial is fairly slack… perhaps riding steep will put you in a better position. Its not the cheapest option, but have you considered a different frame?
You want to upgrade the bike to make it a tiny bit faster
Honestly and not meant as a criticism but the biggest increase in speed will come from your efforts, not spending more money. Instead of spending more money, work on your own fitness. The bike you have is far better than most bikes from 10 years ago.
Agree with the training vacation - head to Arizona for a long weekend!
But if you want stuff, I’d go for a dura-ace ten-speed crankset. Is your Ultegra crankset even a two-piece? The crankset will work with your 9-speed drivetrain - and the weight savings and improved stiffness are nice.