I am completely new to the sport of tri, esp. cycling since I previously ran marathon. All the talk about the different cassette and types (53, 51, etc) is there like a complete beginner article or online source that I can learn when to use which kind for whaty kind of race and etc. Just some beginner information would be very very helpful.
The most common sizes are chain ring (front): 53 & 39
Cassette: 12-27 should see you going everywhere. 11 is not needed until you are real strong. If you leave in a relatively flat area 12-25 is very good. It gives you more cogs between the extreme which means smaller jumps from one cog to the next.