If you ride a bigger cluster in the back, say a 12-25, there will be some 2-tooth jumps in the cluster, often the 16 is omitted. If your choice to jump to a 54 puts you in a position where the 54 x 16 is the “right” gear for a lot of your flatland riding (that’s just over 24 mph at 90 rpm’s) then you have that situation where one click down is too hard and one click up is too easy.
The net result, your 54 put you in a spot where your cluster makes a two tooth jump.
I suggest you use this tool below, count your cluster and set the chainrings to 53 and 54 and then the output to speed at 90 rpm’s and make sure your typical speed will be better served by the 54. For a rider who races in the low 20’s I suspect the answer is no due to the reasons I gave above. A 52 might even be better for many riders.
While I agree with everything you say …
The difference between a 54 and a 53 is only 2% (2rpm and less then 2% change in force on the pedals - both not significant) so any 2 tooth jump will be present for both.
But anyone who cares about using the proper gear will have a full complement of cogs and be able to put in the missing 16 if it is important.
With my current cogs I can build starting with 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 and ending with 21, 23, 25, 27, or 30 any 10 speed cassete with no unwanted gaps.
All I’m saying is a lot of novice riders on this forum ask questions about a larger chainring making them faster, when in fact for a slower rider in the low 20’s switching down to a 52 or even a 50 might give a higher chance of having the right gear. People get this idea that a larger ring is faster and more manly somehow, which is just plain odd.
And i don’t mean to put the original poster in this column, i’m just saying in general this question comes up more than it should