Tubular - fastest possible due to being slightly lighter and having slightly faster tire choices. Look at AFM’s Crr testing on Bike tech review for data. Pay particular attention to tire width (narrower is faster for almost any wheel) and how available a tire is. Some of the fastest clinchers are discontinued or wider than optimal.
You’ll be hearing from Tom and Jack in a few minutes, just take the time to look at the actual data.
OK then…let’s look at the last .pdf that was published http://www.biketechreview.com/tires_old/images/AFM_tire_testing_rev9.pdf
Of the top 6 tires listed, 5 of them are tubular, with the 2nd place tire being the “out of print” Spec Mondo Open Tubular (clincher)…looks like the tubulars rule, huh? Well…not so fast. Let’s run them down one by one and see if they would be something to risk in a bike leg of a triathlon, or even a short TT.
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Vittoria Pista EVO CS Tubular - Ummm…“pista” means “track” and should only be used there…using that on the road is just asking for flat. It would probably flat if you just looked at it wrong
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Specialized S-Works Mondo Open Tubular (clincher) - out of print (idiots)
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Vittoria EVO Corsa Crono (20C) Tubular - only slightly more durable than the Pista, but also has the downside of only being 20mm wide (might be a good choice for a Hed3C only used in TTs). Definitely won’t “play nice” with the newer models of tubulars (and would void the warranty on a Hed Stinger, for example).
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Veloflex Record Tubular (measures 19mm) - another VERY lightweight build tire plus also narrow (see width issues above). Wind tunnel results also suggest you more than give up in poor aerodynamics what you may gain in Crr.
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Bontrager Race X Lite Pro Tubular - This is a good tire. About the only one on this list I would risk in a TT or a Tri bike leg. Kind of pricey though at ~$90 per tire. The 22C width is just about right for the newest “fast” wheel models.
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FMB Silk Tubular (23C) Criterium Tread Tubular - VERY expensive, but also fairly wide (measures out at 24mm).
After that, there’s a large grouping of clincher tires, with most of them NOT out of print and a smattering of tubulars, with the highest ranked tire (the Vittoria Corso EVO CX 320tpi) at no higher than 14th place. Besides that, the difference in Crr between the #6 tire and the highest ranked clincher tire (still in print) that would be useful for a TT or Tri bike leg (the Bontrager R4 Aero) is less than 2.5%
Yeah…it’s downright overwhelming that tubulars are obviously the fastest choice overall.