I know what pronation is…my question is OVER-pronation. What defines over-pronation. What is the boundary between pronation and over-pronation. How do you know if it is too much? And more importantly, how do you determine what amount of pronation is bad?
I never said that her over-pronation was “bad” or “too much”… but to answer your question, I’ve been a competitive runner for 38 years so it’s like asking “what is porn?”… it’s hard to define but you know it when you see it.
However, since you want a more technical answer, from rroof:
Lets get technical! - pronation is a NORMAL motion we all need. At heel strike (yes I said heel strike), the heel is inverted, but starts to evert. The talus starts to abduct on top of the talus (bringing the medial arch down). This “unlocks” the forefoot which starts to abduct. You foot is now a nice, adapted appendage that can step on a rock, in soft sand or on concrete. A fraction of a second later, the foot re-supinates to become a rigid lever for propulsion/toe-off. A few more things are going on, but lets just leave it at that. Most of us need 4-6 degrees of pronation (obscure measurement that rougly equals heel eversion).
Overpronation is basically more than 4-6 degrees. Vague, but … The problem with the triplanar motions of pronation is that it is like a cog phenomenon. You go 4 degrees - good, go 7 then BAM - all the way (say 20). Hard to have, say 9. This is virtually impossible to “watch” as someone runs, even to the very trained eye. We use slow mo cameras with reflective dots on points and a computer to help. When the shoe stores video tape from behind, you do get a nice, general idea about the stabilty of the rearfoot, but this does not mean someone “overpronates”. And, even if they do, this doesn’t necessarily correlate to an injury either.
If you are put into a shoe that tries to eliminate pronation, a normal motion, you can end up with problems as well since your now have eliminated your natural shock absorbing/torque convertor. Now, it gets more complicated still as the newer stability shoes are mostly trying to decelerate the rate of pronation, rather than totally eliminate it (a good thing).
That probably muddied the waters more than it helped - but some of you can probably glean some info from my rant … I don’t feel like reading this or proofing it 