Help! I have Shimano 10 Speed woes

Help!!! I have Shimano 10 Speed Woes. I have a 04 Klein Quantum Pro that I build up with Dura Ace 10 Speed Groupo. I have two sets of wheels, one set is 04 Mavic Ksyrium’s with 12/25 10 speed d-ace cassette and the other set 05 Mavic Cosmic Carbone with 11/23 10 speed d-ace cassette. For the life of me, I cannot get either wheelset to shift into the 11 tooth cog (11/23) or the 12 tooth cog (12/25). I have followed all the standard cable adjustment recommendations for tensioning the shifter cables. I have opened the rear derailer adjustment as far out as it can go. My derailer hanger is not bent so the alignment seems to be good. I have used the standard cassette spacers on each wheelset. It just won’t jump to that final cassette ring. Can anyone recommend a solution? Could it be I need a smaller spacer ring between the cassette and hub? Are there different spacer rings? Could it be my derailer is defective and won’t move out to the last cassette ring? Any advice would be appreciated.

Have you tried to adjust the lower limit adjustment screw on the back of the deraileur? Sounds like a lower adjustment problem to me. Just back the lower limit screw out in 1/4 turn increments until the chain drops down on the smallest cog. Don’t go too far or the chain could jam between the smallest cog and the frame. Good luck.

unscrew the bolt that grabs the cable, loosen the cable entirely, and start over again. it’ll go into the 11. you have the cable so tight that the 12 is the smallest cog the cable will allow the chain to sit upon. this is likely the culprit (if you REALLY have the hi-gear adjustment screw backed out).