Hey madisonbucky,
This is a fine question and demanded some investigation. I made a few phone calls, looked up a few things and spoke with our local authority- SuperDave Koesel of Felt Bicycles.
So…
As you know and Paul pointed out, Octalink is Shimano’s trademarked bottom bracket spline pattern. It features 8 splines and is Shimano proprietary. In other words, only Shimano cranks or those manufactered under Shimano license can employ the Octalink pattern spline.
ISIS is another pattern which features 10 splines and was introduced as an attempt by independant, non-Shimano component manufacturers to create an alternate industry standard.
In general, there are a greater selection of cranks from a wider variety of manufacturers in the ISIS pattern since manufacturers are not tied to Shimano and their manufacturing licenses.
While the technical merits of each can be argued ad nauseum, the two are roughly comparable mechanically. The greater versatility of ISIS provides some degree of appeal, to include the introduction of certain frames with integrated bottom brackets using greatly oversized bottom brackets and bearings but a spindle with the ISIS pattern, not unlike Cannondale’s excellent Hollogram design which is Cannondale’s own proprietary pattern. (confused yet?)
Also, in general, Octalink BB spindles measure 109.5 mm wide while most ISIS are 108 mm wide. This usually does not affect fit or “Q” factor from our experience.
Square spindles are still an excellent design employing a much narrower spindle in favour of larger diameter ball bearing on non-sealed cartridge units. The majority of elite track sprinters continue to use square taper bottom bracket spindles due to the ability to run 1/4" ball bearing in their bottom brackets. They believe the benefit is lower bearing resistance and greater durability as well as a high degree of maintainability (but a high need for maintenance also). I use a square bottom bracket in my road bike and prefer it. It seems easier to get a crank squarely mounted with a square taper than with a splined design, with less chance of damage on installation.
Your bike uses an English thread BB shell that is 68 mm wide. Always check your crank manufacturer’s recommendation for spindle width. Accept their recommendation. Also, be mindful of torque specs when installing cranks and be certain to check the torque of your chainring bolts, especially a few weeks after initial installation.
I hope that covers it- thanks for a good question!