It depends. For normal use, no. But aluminum is going to be more resistant to stress/stronger from other vectors. Carbon is great when the stress is coming from specific directions, like on a frame or with wheels. But it has to be designed differently when the stress is coming from many angles. It’s kind of like how a carbon stem weighs the same as an aluminum stem of similar quality. i.e. there isn’t really a weight advantage to high end carbon stems like there is with high end frames and wheels. It’s because stems have stress uniformly in nearly all directions because of their location and purpose, so the carbon has to be laid up in such a way to deal with all these stresses. Because of this lay up, carbon stems are much heavier than one would expect, about as heavy as aluminum.
So for a carbon bike to be all around as strong as aluminum, it would be much heavier. But bikes don’t necessarily need this, so I wouldn’t say an aluminum bike is “stronger” than a carbon bike when used as intended.