exxxviii is correct on this
latex does not do well when it is allowed to go totally flat. when the tube flattens out inside the rim and is then re-inflated, strange things can happen like kinking, folding, creeping, etc. Our latex tubes comes with threaded extenders and our speed-shield with tubeless type nuts on them which helps to eliminate both stress and the likelihood of kinking at the stem, my experience has been that this makes a big difference over the long run, but you still need to try and keep at least a few psi in them at all times. In my experience with the new latex formulation we are using, this means putting air in the tires at least once a month even when not using them.
I agree with Thomas Gerlach that latex tubes have proven safer and more puncture resistant than light butyl or any of the other options like Tubolito, FOSS, and R'Air (all of which have higher rolling resistance) in my experience, but this comes at the cost of putting in a little effort here and there to make sure all the little details are covered. Since I first started using Latex tubes with pro triathletes to introducing them to Tony Martin and Fabian Cancellara in the late 2000's I've quite literally installed 1000+ latex tubes for athletes at every level without any issues. We probably install 4-6 tubes per week into prototype tires and test tires as part of our tire testing and again, after years of this, never an issue in testing or on the road with any of these.
You are 100% correct that they are different than, and a bit more particular than butyl, and that they have a bit of a reduced lifespan compared to butyl, we recommend 2-3 years tops for latex compared to 4-5 years for butyl, but from a ride quality, handling, efficiency perspective, there just is no other single thing you can do to a bicycle that will make this much difference for this little money and effort.
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