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RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss
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It's humbling to see such talented individuals passing while doing what they love, and possibly from the cost of it.

Condolences and thoughts to the family, friends, and team mates of his.

I'm sure there will be inquiries and results. And also more ongoing debate about the toll on elite athletes. Or even amateurs.

Makes you wonder what precautions you should take yourself by visiting a sports physician or having routine checkups specific to your sport. Or probing family members for history and being sure not to skip your yearly free physical and blood work.

http://www.cyclingnews.com/...-goolaerts-obituary/
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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This is so sad. My thoughts and prayers are with his family.
I saw this while watching the race. I wonder what happened. I guess it will be a while, if ever, before we get any answers.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nad] [ In reply to ]
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Hello nad and All,

http://www.dw.com/...t-attacks/a-43321799



Excerpts:

"The list of professional cyclists to have died of heart attacks in recent years is surprisingly long:
• In 2004, Belgian Stive Vermaut died at the age of 28 following a heart attack he suffered during a training session. In the 2000 season, he rode alongside Lance Armstrong with the US Postal team.
• Also in 2004, Belgian cross specialist Tim Pauwels died after the 23-year-old suffered cardiac arrest during a minor race in Erpe-Mere, Belgium.
• In 2005, Alessio Galletti fell off his bike in the Spanish race Subida al Naranco and did not get up. The 37-year-old Italian, who rode for the Naturino-Sapore di Mare team, had also succumbed to cardiac arrest.
• In 2009, 21-year-old Frederiek Nolf of the Topsport Vlaanderen-Mercator team died in his sleep one night during the Qatar Tour. According to media reports from the time, all of the evidence pointed to the Belgian having suffered a heart attack, however his parents declined an autopsy.
• In 2010, Luxembourg's Kim Kirchen, then 39, suffered cardiac arrest, was placed into an artificial coma, however he survived the incident. The former T-mobile Team rider subsequently ended his racing career.
• In 2012, Rob Goris died of a heart attack in a hotel at the age of 30. Like Goolaerts, the Belgian competed for the Veranda-sponsored team.
• In 2016, 21-year-old Dutch rider Gijs Verdick of Cyclingteam Jo Piels suffered two heart attacks during an under-23 tour in Poland and was placed into an artificial coma. Verdick was brought from Poland to Zwolle in the Netherlands, where he passed away a day after his arrival.
• Also in 2016, the Belgian Daan Myngheer (Team Roubaix Lille Métropole) suffered a heart attack and died during the first stage of the Criterium International, a two-day race in France. He had complained of discomfort during the race and collapsed after seeking medical attention. Myngheer was just 22 years old.

The late Belgian rider Daan Myngheer
• Just over a year ago, Egyptian cyclist Eslam Nasser Zaki died during the African Continental Track Cycling Championships in South Africa. The 22-year-old fell off his bike on the track in Durban. It was later determined that he too had suffered a heart attack.
This series of heart attacks in professional cycling raises an important question: How can so many highly trained athletes die of heart attacks despite being young, healthy and under regular medical supervision? "

"Doping, or heart damage caused by endurance sports?

The first possibility that comes to mind regarding such deaths in professional cycling is doping. In the past, there has been plenty of speculation about the affects of blood doping on the heart. During the heyday of Epo doping around the turn of the millennium, cyclists spent their nights walking through hotel corridors to get their blood – thickened by the abundance of red blood cells – moving for fear of thrombosis or heart attack. Both riders and team members have confirmed this in statements. According to a study by the French magazine Nouvel Observateur, the mortality rate among Tour de France competitors is almost three times higher than that of the general population. However, to automatically conclude that heart attacks in cyclists are linked to doping would not be accurate.

This is because there are other possible and just as likely causes: Extreme endurance sports like professional cycling can change or damage the heart. In 2012, Dr. James O'Keefe published a study in the American medical journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings that showed that endurance sports often lead to a permanent overstretching of the heart muscle, and this puts an excessive strain on the heart. With just 40 marathon runners, triathletes and cyclists, involved in the study, the sample size was quite limited. However, scarring was detected in the right chamber of the hearts of five athletes."

Cheers, Neal

+1 mph Faster
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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Very interesting read. thanks for posting
It makes me want to just sit down (not really). I do enjoy endurance sports, but worry about long term heart issues. I guess we all have to go some way, might as well do what we love.
Just so sad when it takes a 23 year old. I hope they don't find he was doping. As a mom I wouldn't want my child to pass from something so preventable.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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Not sure if I saw this here actually. I don't think so, but I had posted this on Facebook recently and its relevant:

https://www.theage.com.au/...20180328-p4z6m7.html

Use this link to save $5 off your USAT membership renewal:
https://membership.usatriathlon.org/...A2-BAD7-6137B629D9B7
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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If I should pass while on the bike, I have already warned my training partners. If any of them look on my body and say, "At least he died doing what he loved," I will rise from the casket and will punch them square in the face.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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I couldn't look up the study but I wonder whether that study of endurance athletes could apply as well to 22 yo pro cyclists. Do they have enough miles by that time to cause the scarring seen in decades long enthusiasts? The thing that comes to my mind is hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy leading to cardiac arrest. The riders are mildly dehydrated with some tachycardia which helps set up a perfect storm resulting in decreased ventricular filling. Bam!! cardiac arrest which is really hard to convert out of.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [IMStillTrying] [ In reply to ]
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I wondered if having such a low body fat % escalates these issues with the heart?

Use this link to save $5 off your USAT membership renewal:
https://membership.usatriathlon.org/...A2-BAD7-6137B629D9B7
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [IMStillTrying] [ In reply to ]
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Hello IMStillTrying and All,

I read that there was likely an autopsy .... although we may not be privy to the results.

I have an appointment with my cardiologist next month ..... I will ask him what he thinks.

Cheers, Neal

+1 mph Faster
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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READ "The Haywire Heart"..... makes all of this very clear for the hard charging 40+ AG... Not sure it applies to the 20 year old cyclists....Chapter 4 required reading multiple times to get the terminology and science down (at least for me...)
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [FlashBazbo] [ In reply to ]
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FlashBazbo wrote:
If I should pass while on the bike, I have already warned my training partners. If any of them look on my body and say, "At least he died doing what he loved," I will rise from the casket and will punch them square in the face.

Promises, promises...
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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burnthesheep wrote:
It's humbling to see such talented individuals passing while doing what they love, and possibly from the cost of it.

Condolences and thoughts to the family, friends, and team mates of his.

I'm sure there will be inquiries and results. And also more ongoing debate about the toll on elite athletes. Or even amateurs.

Makes you wonder what precautions you should take yourself by visiting a sports physician or having routine checkups specific to your sport. Or probing family members for history and being sure not to skip your yearly free physical and blood work.

http://www.cyclingnews.com/...-goolaerts-obituary/

Usually when young people die suddenly of cardiac arrest it's due to congenital heart defects, usually a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. That's not going to be picked up by a physical, unless your physical includes an EKG or some sort of imaging.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [ThisIsIt] [ In reply to ]
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Not sure why, but where I work does a pretty intensive physical when you sign on to work. It included an EKG and some kind of "blow in this" asthma test or to see if you lie about smoking or not.

Would an EKG pickup stuff like this, at rest, sitting at a doc's office? Or would it have to be a stressed test?
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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Even a stress test only shows certain issues :/

:Soap box:
Mysteries like this is why I think the biggest travesty of our time is that we don't force anonymized data collection for all medical testing and provide it free to all researchers. If done well, the perks are huge:
- Revealing patterns easily missed in smaller or no studies (maybe blue eyes make you 25% more predisposed to heart attacks?)
- Personalized medicine, diagnostics and treatment
- Ability to train and tune ML models
- Easier detection and proof of fraudulent studies and medicine
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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burnthesheep wrote:
Not sure why, but where I work does a pretty intensive physical when you sign on to work. It included an EKG and some kind of "blow in this" asthma test or to see if you lie about smoking or not.

Would an EKG pickup stuff like this, at rest, sitting at a doc's office? Or would it have to be a stressed test?

I don't believe it needs to be during a stress test but it probably has to be a 12-lead so they "see" the heart from many angles. Many EKGs use fewer leads and are only looking for arrhythmia.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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nealhe wrote:
Hello IMStillTrying and All,

I read that there was likely an autopsy .... although we may not be privy to the results.

I have an appointment with my cardiologist next month ..... I will ask him what he thinks.
Autopsy was completed today and showed he had a heart attack first, which then caused his crash.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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nealhe wrote:
Hello nad and All,

http://www.dw.com/...t-attacks/a-43321799



Excerpts:

"The list of professional cyclists to have died of heart attacks in recent years is surprisingly long:
• In 2004, Belgian Stive Vermaut died at the age of 28 following a heart attack he suffered during a training session. In the 2000 season, he rode alongside Lance Armstrong with the US Postal team.
• Also in 2004, Belgian cross specialist Tim Pauwels died after the 23-year-old suffered cardiac arrest during a minor race in Erpe-Mere, Belgium.
• In 2005, Alessio Galletti fell off his bike in the Spanish race Subida al Naranco and did not get up. The 37-year-old Italian, who rode for the Naturino-Sapore di Mare team, had also succumbed to cardiac arrest.
• In 2009, 21-year-old Frederiek Nolf of the Topsport Vlaanderen-Mercator team died in his sleep one night during the Qatar Tour. According to media reports from the time, all of the evidence pointed to the Belgian having suffered a heart attack, however his parents declined an autopsy.
• In 2010, Luxembourg's Kim Kirchen, then 39, suffered cardiac arrest, was placed into an artificial coma, however he survived the incident. The former T-mobile Team rider subsequently ended his racing career.
• In 2012, Rob Goris died of a heart attack in a hotel at the age of 30. Like Goolaerts, the Belgian competed for the Veranda-sponsored team.
• In 2016, 21-year-old Dutch rider Gijs Verdick of Cyclingteam Jo Piels suffered two heart attacks during an under-23 tour in Poland and was placed into an artificial coma. Verdick was brought from Poland to Zwolle in the Netherlands, where he passed away a day after his arrival.
• Also in 2016, the Belgian Daan Myngheer (Team Roubaix Lille Métropole) suffered a heart attack and died during the first stage of the Criterium International, a two-day race in France. He had complained of discomfort during the race and collapsed after seeking medical attention. Myngheer was just 22 years old.

The late Belgian rider Daan Myngheer
• Just over a year ago, Egyptian cyclist Eslam Nasser Zaki died during the African Continental Track Cycling Championships in South Africa. The 22-year-old fell off his bike on the track in Durban. It was later determined that he too had suffered a heart attack.
This series of heart attacks in professional cycling raises an important question: How can so many highly trained athletes die of heart attacks despite being young, healthy and under regular medical supervision? "

"Doping, or heart damage caused by endurance sports?

The first possibility that comes to mind regarding such deaths in professional cycling is doping. In the past, there has been plenty of speculation about the affects of blood doping on the heart. During the heyday of Epo doping around the turn of the millennium, cyclists spent their nights walking through hotel corridors to get their blood – thickened by the abundance of red blood cells – moving for fear of thrombosis or heart attack. Both riders and team members have confirmed this in statements. According to a study by the French magazine Nouvel Observateur, the mortality rate among Tour de France competitors is almost three times higher than that of the general population. However, to automatically conclude that heart attacks in cyclists are linked to doping would not be accurate.

This is because there are other possible and just as likely causes: Extreme endurance sports like professional cycling can change or damage the heart. In 2012, Dr. James O'Keefe published a study in the American medical journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings that showed that endurance sports often lead to a permanent overstretching of the heart muscle, and this puts an excessive strain on the heart. With just 40 marathon runners, triathletes and cyclists, involved in the study, the sample size was quite limited. However, scarring was detected in the right chamber of the hearts of five athletes."

Aside from doping (blood thickening) and potential heart damage from stress, I have speculated (on N=1) if all this high aerobic workload in a squatted position is natural. Typically from a squatting position we're doing single rep anaerobic activity and opening up the core/abodomen and opening up the arteries going down to the legs rather than having them pump a ton of blood flow through in a compressed state (I am not a physiologist, but we've seen a ton of cyclists have the Iliac Artery surgery). Does any of this factor in? I don't know.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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The "blow in this" is a pulmonary function test "PFT," not a bad thing to establish a baseline of lung health.

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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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I was watching NBC Sports coverage, and they were highlighting some one the crashes

I called D'Kid out "Hey! Look at this one! No one touched him, and he just went over the bars"

When I heard about Goolaerts, I went back to make sure it wasn't him I was mocking [because that would be Bad JuJu]

Fortunately (?) it was Nelson Olivera [MoviStar] that I saw take a dive

"What's your claim?" - Ben Gravy
"Your best work is the work you're excited about" - Rick Rubin
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [FlashBazbo] [ In reply to ]
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First, let me say that I'm NOT saying the guy was doping. It's entirely possible that he wasn't.

BUT, as a multi-decade bike racer and fan of the sport, let me say that the most immediate and most common hazard of doping is heart attack. Anything you do that increases the number of red blood cells and increases their oxygen-carrying capacity (which pretty much applies to every form of doping), makes your blood thick and increases your risk of clogging an artery and bringing on a heart attack. EPO does it. Testosterone does it. Blood doping does it. Salbuterol does it. The list goes on and on and on and on. The whole point of almost all doping (excluding pain-reliever doping) is moving more oxygen to the muscles -- and when the oxygen-carrying cells get bigger and more numerous, there is a danger point.

Again, I'm NOT saying that Goolaerts was doping. All I'm saying is that, when a guy takes doping too far, heart attacks are a common result.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [devashish_paul] [ In reply to ]
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Hello devanish_paul and All,

An interesting speculation .....



Should that be the case ..... a possible solution might be a girdle or a tight fitting reinforced cycling jersey.

The relaxation and distension of the abdomen is evident on cycling Mamils ...... I do not see it on the younger cyclists or pros .... although it may be occurring ..... but they are lean enough that it does not show.

Also .......


http://www.takethelane.me/...eurysms-and-cycling/

Excerpt:

"So, was the dissection and aneurysm related to the extra kilometres I rode back in 2001? Well, my riding partner in that "contest" didn't have the same problem. Dr. Lindsay is guarded about cause-and-effect in this case, saying research is still being done. Cyclists with long and meandering iliac arteries — called a torturous iliac — do have arterial issues, but it tends to be endoluminal fibrosis, a narrowing of the arterial walls (here's a paper on it). My torturous iliac could have led to "abnormal forces being placed on the artery that may result in the narrowing (of the artery) or the development of dissections", Dr. Lindsay wrote. "

https://forum.slowtwitch.com/...ost=4398909#p4398909

Cheers, Neal

+1 mph Faster
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [burnthesheep] [ In reply to ]
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To clarify a few points in this thread:
1. EKGs are best for detecting electrical abnormalities.
a. Arrythmias or inappropriate beating rhythm.
b. Conduction issues (the nervous systems branches are malfunctioning.
c. Conduction issues associated with oxygen starved or dead tissue. (Heart attacks show up because the tissue is dead. Coronary artery disease can show up if it is severe enough to starve tissue of oxygen - typically during exercise).

2. EKG's do not show structural abnormalities
a. The health of valves / murmurs etc
b. The closure of the hole from the right atria to the left atria (Foramen ovale is open in utero and closes with the babies first breath - essentially bypasses the fetus' lungs as they aren't breathing anyway).
c. Function of the heart muscle (how well it squeezes)
d. True heart volumes (although you can somewhat infer)
e. Fibrosis of the cardiac muscle

2.5 This is why there are a range of imaging tests that can be useful, depending on the goal of the study. (Nuclear imaging, Echo's, etc)

3. EKGs do not show the atherosclerotic state of the coronary arteries until the disease is fairly advanced

3. Things change. You can have a perfectly normal EKG and drop dead walking through the parking lot after your appointment

4. Your work has you complete a stress test and pulmonary function test for insurance purposes

5. A baseline PFT is worthwhile. I saw many patients who complained of "Asthma like symptoms" but were completely normal on testing. Either they weren't compromised or they were previously supra-normal and had regressed to "normal" values.

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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [nealhe] [ In reply to ]
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nealhe wrote:
Hello devanish_paul and All,

An interesting speculation .....



Should that be the case ..... a possible solution might be a girdle or a tight fitting reinforced cycling jersey.

The relaxation and distension of the abdomen is evident on cycling Mamils ...... I do not see it on the younger cyclists or pros .... although it may be occurring ..... but they are lean enough that it does not show.

Also .......


http://www.takethelane.me/...eurysms-and-cycling/

Excerpt:

"So, was the dissection and aneurysm related to the extra kilometres I rode back in 2001? Well, my riding partner in that "contest" didn't have the same problem. Dr. Lindsay is guarded about cause-and-effect in this case, saying research is still being done. Cyclists with long and meandering iliac arteries — called a torturous iliac — do have arterial issues, but it tends to be endoluminal fibrosis, a narrowing of the arterial walls (here's a paper on it). My torturous iliac could have led to "abnormal forces being placed on the artery that may result in the narrowing (of the artery) or the development of dissections", Dr. Lindsay wrote. "

https://forum.slowtwitch.com/...ost=4398909#p4398909

My N=1 hypothesis is that doped runners, swimmers and XC skiers are not dying from heart attacks. Potential doping and blood thickening in all sports is the same, so perhaps there is something to do with cycling mechanics and arterial blood flow that MAY come into play? Or is it the duration of cycling events while already having thick blood and making your blood thicker being dehydrated that you never get to in the other sports?
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [devashish_paul] [ In reply to ]
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devashish_paul wrote:
.
My N=1 hypothesis is that doped runners, swimmers and XC skiers are not dying from heart attacks. Potential doping and blood thickening in all sports is the same, so perhaps there is something to do with cycling mechanics and arterial blood flow that MAY come into play? Or is it the duration of cycling events while already having thick blood and making your blood thicker being dehydrated that you never get to in the other sports?

There’s a fairly classic but not-yet-discredited medical concept called Virchow’s triad that states that clots are caused by the triad of endothelial injury, stasis (slow flow) and hypercoagulable state. Doping certainly results in hypercoagulable state, but even in its absence endurance training and especially altitude training promote high blood counts. It’s quite plausible that positioning on the bike lends itself to turbulent flow through the iliacs and a race like Roubaix can certainly cause jarring that could result in endothelial injury. Thus, it makes some sense that a participant in a race like this could be at elevated risk for catastrophic thrombotic events. Still rare but seemingly more common than in age group peers and maybe more common than in other activities that have similar aerobic load but different body stresses.
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Re: RIP Goolaerts, another in-competition loss [sylvius] [ In reply to ]
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sylvius wrote:
devashish_paul wrote:
.
My N=1 hypothesis is that doped runners, swimmers and XC skiers are not dying from heart attacks. Potential doping and blood thickening in all sports is the same, so perhaps there is something to do with cycling mechanics and arterial blood flow that MAY come into play? Or is it the duration of cycling events while already having thick blood and making your blood thicker being dehydrated that you never get to in the other sports?


There’s a fairly classic but not-yet-discredited medical concept called Virchow’s triad that states that clots are caused by the triad of endothelial injury, stasis (slow flow) and hypercoagulable state. Doping certainly results in hypercoagulable state, but even in its absence endurance training and especially altitude training promote high blood counts. It’s quite plausible that positioning on the bike lends itself to turbulent flow through the iliacs and a race like Roubaix can certainly cause jarring that could result in endothelial injury. Thus, it makes some sense that a participant in a race like this could be at elevated risk for catastrophic thrombotic events. Still rare but seemingly more common than in age group peers and maybe more common than in other activities that have similar aerobic load but different body stresses.

Thanks. This is kind of what I am getting at from an layman's perspective. I think the only other sport that has this compressed body position at this intensity is speed skating, but durations are much shorter 10000m (13 minutes) is the longest event, and if it gets a ton longer in marathon speed skating, athletes are in a much more upright and in an open position. I remember a certain athlete who will not be named that won 7 events in July, talking about TTing/seated being a sour 'burn' and standing being a "sweet burn". I THINK most of us can relate to that feeling. Standing up and dancing on the pedals is a much more natural position from which humans normally do aerobic activity (walking and running from an evolutionary angle). The massive aerobic loads in a compressed position in road biking are unique to this sport only (at least I am not aware of any other sport where you contort your body in this unnnatural position for hours on end doing aerobic workloads).
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