I think this happened to me recently. Not sure if it was just a jam or a dislocation because I never went to the doc. I had a commuter bike chain derailment during a standing effort and I think I drove my toe right down into the street. I could not push off on the toe when walking for weeks and extremely sensitive to touch/impact on the tip of the toe. I definitely could not have run 5 miles immediately afterward so consider that with my recovery story below.

I took ten days off completely then resumed not too gradually which resulted in some very sore legs due to an awkward gait. This is probably your biggest risk. If your stride feels funny, stop. For me, the toe itself did not hurt too much during the runs nor was it any worse after so I did not think there was risk that I was doing further damage. I could deal with the soreness since I was not racing. 18 days after the injury I had my first pain-free run and followed that with a 16 miler a week later. However, now ten weeks after it is not 100% and still affects my gait a bit.

I think you are in pretty good shape since you were planning to taper anyways and you gave it (professional) medical attention right away, unlike me. Good luck.