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What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution?
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That's a question I've been interested in quite awhile...and with my getting access to one recently, I decided to run a few tests/analyses.

Just in case anyone besides me was interested, here's the result of a constant cadence cassette sweep (only 9 of the 10 cogs of a 12-25 cassette, 60 rpms, with a repeat of the 53-14 at 75 rpm for some slightly higher power.) After the sweep, I did some accelerations/decelerations for the purposes of doing some inertial mass estimates (more on that later).



Taking the average of the power and "virtual speed" (i.e. the result of the gearing, cadence, and assumed wheel rollout) over the last 2 minutes of each step (and the last 1 minute of the 75 rpm step), I then plotted P/V vs. V^2 for the following:



Assuming an "all-up" mass of 85kg, and a rho of 1.2 kg/m^3, that y-intercept works out to represent a Crr = .0051 and the slope of the line works out to represent a CdA = .350 m^2. Sounds like a fairly "normal" road bike position (on the hoods) and Crr.

Now...about that estimate of inertial mass. My intent was to plug the file and the calculated Crr and CdA into my VE spreadsheet and then modify the mass entry until the small "hills" formed by the accelerations/decelerations "flatten out"...I tried that, but I think I need to reconsider how varying the mass entry affects the calculated rolling resistance force (I might need to separate out the mass terms used for the rolling resistance calcs and the other places the mass term is used). Although, with an assumed 85kg mass, it's pretty darned flat as it is. (I actually had to slightly increase the CdA to .353 to flatten out the "steps")



I think I might just pull the fan/flywheel cover off and measure up the flywheel and just manually calculated the moment of inertia ;)

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
Last edited by: Tom A.: Jan 28, 11 16:04
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:

What happens if you accelerate more gently and then coast down (e.g., make the speed trace look like a triangle)?
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Tom A. wrote:


What happens if you accelerate more gently and then coast down (e.g., make the speed trace look like a triangle)?

Here's what the speed trace looks like from the accel/decel section...I guess I accelerated faster than I'd thought. My intent was to give it a big "signal"...but yeah, maybe I need to be a bit more gentle...



http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:
Here's what the speed trace looks like from the accel/decel section...I guess I accelerated faster than I'd thought. My intent was to give it a big "signal"...but yeah, maybe I need to be a bit more gentle...

Can you overlay the VE on that speed trace?
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Is this thread available in English?
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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awesome. I love this stuff. I've been playing with this with my KK since I got a powermeter. I'm going to have to "Chung" myself once i get a free saturday.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Can you overlay the VE on that speed trace?

Like this?



http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [bazilbrush] [ In reply to ]
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bazilbrush wrote:
Is this thread available in English?

Sure...quick translation...I wanted to quantify just how close the Revolution "mimics" riding outside and this thread is showing how I'm doing that. So far, the "load curve" of the Revolution appears to match VERY well the "typical" aero drag and rolling resistance of riding your road bike outside on perfectly level ground. I was able to determine this using the same method one would use to field test to determine aero drag and rolling resistance outside using a power meter.

The last piece of the puzzle is determining how well the flywheel "mimics" the inertial mass of a rider+bike traveling down the road at the same indicated speed. I tried doing that using Robert's VE technique and the coefficients measured above. That's what Robert and I are going back and forth about...

Up to speed? ;-)

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:


Aha. Excellent. It may "coast" better than regular trainers -- but not as well as a bike on a flat road. Likewise, it appears to accelerate faster than a bike on a real road. Steady state load is reasonable, though.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Tom A. wrote:




Aha. Excellent. It may "coast" better than regular trainers -- but not as well as a bike on a flat road. Likewise, it appears to accelerate faster than a bike on a real road. Steady state load is reasonable, though.

I presume you were using an all-up mass of around 80kg? So cut that in half to 40kg and double the Crr to .01. That'll keep the steady state power the same but should improve the modeling for the KE component.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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Doesn't anyone just ride their bike anymore?

I know enough to know I don't know enough...
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [uberslug] [ In reply to ]
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why do you have to be an ass?
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [jpb] [ In reply to ]
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jpb wrote:
why do you have to be an ass?

I believe it was Lao Tzu who wrote "To become learned, each day add something. To become enlightened, each day drop something." So, in that vein, I am considering moving past the gaining of knowledge through the use of power meters and embracing a more zen like approach to training.

In looking back at my wording, I can see where my question could be misinterpreted. Mea maxima culpa...

I know enough to know I don't know enough...
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
I presume you were using an all-up mass of around 80kg? So cut that in half to 40kg and double the Crr to .01. That'll keep the steady state power the same but should improve the modeling for the KE component.

Yeah...I thought of the same thing last night. Just modify the Crr to compensate for changing the mass so that the rolling resistance force stays constant. I just haven't had a chance yet to try that....

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [uberslug] [ In reply to ]
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I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Sausagetail] [ In reply to ]
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Sausagetail wrote:
I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...
Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Sausagetail wrote:
I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...

Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.

...except that doesn't provide one with a downloadable record of the session ;-)

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:
RChung wrote:
Sausagetail wrote:
I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...

Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.


...except that doesn't provide one with a downloadable record of the session ;-)
Work with me.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:
RChung wrote:
Sausagetail wrote:
I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...

Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.


...except that doesn't provide one with a downloadable record of the session ;-)

So use a computer that logs cadence and rear wheel speed. It's simple spreadsheet math from there.



sometimes you just have to eat the cake
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
RChung wrote:
Tom A. wrote:




Aha. Excellent. It may "coast" better than regular trainers -- but not as well as a bike on a flat road. Likewise, it appears to accelerate faster than a bike on a real road. Steady state load is reasonable, though.


I presume you were using an all-up mass of around 80kg? So cut that in half to 40kg and double the Crr to .01. That'll keep the steady state power the same but should improve the modeling for the KE component.

Here's the "best fit" I could find...and I mostly judged it off of the final "tail" which was a coast down to zero rpm. I adjusted the mass (and Crr accordingly) until the final steady-state leg and the coast down to zero had a minimum of "disjoint". This case was actually 100 lbs (45.5 kg) and a Crr of .0094



Now...we'll see how close that is to a calculated mass based on the flywheel geometry!

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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So I'd love to be able to evaluate all this myself but my head starts to hurt when I try. I have a Kurt Kinetic right now and it is an awesome piece of kit, with a very long coast down from, say 20 mph, of over a minute. But that vstill leaves me pushing 15% less power through it than I can on the road in the TT position. So can you tell me what the coastdown time would be from 20 mph on the Lemond?
Cheers.

http://www.timetrialling.com
TT is like stubbing your toe very hard. It's self inflicted, it's stupid and it REALLY hurts!!
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:

Now...we'll see how close that is to a calculated mass based on the flywheel geometry!

Had a chance today to pull the flywheel cover off and measure up the flywheel on the trainer. Decided to just throw the dimensions into Pro/E and let it do the moment of inertia calculations:



Here's the mass properties output:
Quote:
VOLUME = 8.0428750e-04 M^3
SURFACE AREA = 2.0893183e-01 M^2
DENSITY = 7.8887728e+03 KILOGRAM / M^3
MASS = 6.3448414e+00 KILOGRAM

CENTER OF GRAVITY with respect to _GL_FLYWHEEL coordinate frame:
X Y Z 0.0000000e+00 0.0000000e+00 2.4937030e-02 M

INERTIA with respect to _GL_FLYWHEEL coordinate frame: (KILOGRAM * M^2)

INERTIA TENSOR:
Ixx Ixy Ixz 4.2069766e-02 0.0000000e+00 0.0000000e+00
Iyx Iyy Iyz 0.0000000e+00 4.2069765e-02 0.0000000e+00
Izx Izy Izz 0.0000000e+00 0.0000000e+00 7.3130437e-02

INERTIA at CENTER OF GRAVITY with respect to _GL_FLYWHEEL coordinate frame: (KILOGRAM * M^2)

INERTIA TENSOR:
Ixx Ixy Ixz 3.8124192e-02 0.0000000e+00 0.0000000e+00
Iyx Iyy Iyz 0.0000000e+00 3.8124191e-02 0.0000000e+00
Izx Izy Izz 0.0000000e+00 0.0000000e+00 7.3130437e-02

PRINCIPAL MOMENTS OF INERTIA: (KILOGRAM * M^2)
I1 I2 I3 3.8124191e-02 3.8124192e-02 7.3130437e-02

ROTATION MATRIX from _GL_FLYWHEEL orientation to PRINCIPAL AXES:
1.00000 0.00000 0.00000
0.00000 1.00000 0.00000
0.00000 0.00000 1.00000

ROTATION ANGLES from _GL_FLYWHEEL orientation to PRINCIPAL AXES (degrees):
angles about x y z 0.000 0.000 0.000

RADII OF GYRATION with respect to PRINCIPAL AXES:
R1 R2 R3 7.7515746e-02 7.7515748e-02 1.0735906e-01 M

The value we're interested in is the the Izz value of .073 kg*m^2.

So...how do we equate this to an "equivalent mass" translating down the road? I like to do it by equating the kinetic energy of the flywheel to the kinetic energy of a bike+rider moving down the road.

Kinetic Energy of rider = Kinetic Energy of the Flywheel
KErider = KEf
1/2 x mass of rider x (velocity of bike)^2 = 1/2 x Izz x (flywheel rotational speed)^2
Mr x Vb^2 = Izz x (Wf)^2

OK...to solve this, I need to equate the flywheel rotational speed (in radians per second) to the equivalent bike velocity (in meters/second). Well, the assumption above was that the wheel rollout was 2080mm, or 1 revolution = 2*Pi radians is equivalent to 2080mm of rollout.

Wheel rotation rate = Ww = Vb x (2*Pi radians/2.080m), where Vb is in m/s, so Ww = 3.0208 x Vb.

Now, to figure the flywheel rotational rate, we need to know the pulley ratio of the drive pulley and the flywheel pulley. By my measuring, this ratio is 8:1. So, the flywheel rotational rate, Wf = 8 x Ww = 8 x 3.0208 x Vb = 24.166 x Vb.

Lastly, I'll plug this relation into the simplified KE equation above along with the calculated Izz from the solid model.

Mr x Vb^2 = Izz x (24.166 x Vb)^2
Mr = Izz x 584 = .073 x 584 = 42.6 kg

42.6 kg is equivalent to a rider weight of ~94 lbs...now, that's also not including the other rotating bits (like the pulleys, cassette, etc.)...but that's pretty darned close to the "equivalent mass" determined using the coastdown and VE above :-D

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Nice. I've gone to the dark side and now work for sales. I miss Pro-E.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:
...but that's pretty darned close to the "equivalent mass" determined using the coastdown and VE above :-D

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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Tom A. wrote:
...but that's pretty darned close to the "equivalent mass" determined using the coastdown and VE above :-D



Hehehe...I actually was going to put that at the end of the post, but forgot. Thanks!

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Tom A. wrote:
Hehehe...I actually was going to put that at the end of the post, but forgot. Thanks!
Wasn't it cool that when we zoomed in on the acceleration parts we could see that the VE was countercyclical, and that chopping the mass in half made it cyclical? Stuff like that makes me shake my head.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Tom A. wrote:
Hehehe...I actually was going to put that at the end of the post, but forgot. Thanks!

Wasn't it cool that when we zoomed in on the acceleration parts we could see that the VE was countercyclical, and that chopping the mass in half made it cyclical? Stuff like that makes me shake my head.

I'm agog at how cool it was ;-)

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Tom A.] [ In reply to ]
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Lot easier than mounting that thing on the edge of the football stadium at UT-Austin and watching that flywheel accelerate as you drop weights off the side.

[Edit:] Not that dropping big heavy weights off the side of a tall structure doesn't have a certain appeal all its own.
Last edited by: RChung: Feb 11, 11 21:51
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Lot easier than mounting that thing on the edge of the football stadium at UT-Austin and watching that flywheel accelerate as you drop weights off the side.

[Edit:] Not that dropping big heavy weights off the side of a tall structure doesn't have a certain appeal all its own.

That almost sounds like it could be an episode of "Mythbusters" ;-)

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Sausagetail wrote:
I thought this was the most interesting thread in the past week or two...

Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.

Sorry, but I am just not seeing it. Show me a nice 2D graph of speed vs power and I will agree. Or, help me understand how to use this since I would very much like to have power data available and currently do something similar using an old KK trainer that my wife keeps stealing...

Thanks, Brian

"We don't inherit the Earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children." --Chief Seattle
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [osugasman] [ In reply to ]
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osugasman wrote:
RChung wrote:
Lemond is selling their "Power Pilot" for, what, $400+? With Tom's info, you can print out the cadence-gear-power combos on an 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of paper and scotch tape it to the wall. Send 10% of the savings to Tom.


Sorry, but I am just not seeing it. Show me a nice 2D graph of speed vs power and I will agree.

I've derived it from the info in Tom's graph, as I'm considering buying one of these trainers myself, and I needed to know the power at 25mph to know what power output DCRainmaker's video of the noise corresponds to. So to save everyone else having to work it out, here it is:

v (kph) p (W)
10 16
11 19
12 22
13 25
14 29
15 33
16 37
17 42
18 48
19 53
20 60
21 67
22 74
23 82
24 91
25 100
26 110
27 121
28 132
29 144
30 157
31 171
32 185
33 201
34 217
35 234
36 253
37 272
38 292
39 313
40 336
41 359
42 383
43 409
44 436
45 464
46 493
47 523
48 555


The formula to use in Excel is
=((B5/3.6)*(B5/3.6)*0.21+4.27)*(B5/3.6)
where B5 contains the speed in kph.
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Steve Irwin] [ In reply to ]
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Ok, just to understand this last post - you're saying for example:

v (kph) p (W)

20 60
25 100
30 157

I.e - that spinning at 25kph (15.5mph) - you're putting out just 100 watts of power?

Ifso, with the benefit of a Wattbox connected to an Edge 810, this doesn't seem to be correct - if, for example, I was spinning on my LeMond Revolution in a 42/14 gear at about 85 rpm, I'd be cruising along at around 15-16 mph. My computer would be reading a wattage output of approx 125-130W

If I were to put in an effort of say a 35kph (21.8mph), I'd be aiming for around 200-210W of output power.

40kph (24.9mph) would be around 250-260W (not 336 as in the table).
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [rjsdavis] [ In reply to ]
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That table was derived from Tom A's data, rather than being what I've found is needed. I have since then purchased a Lemond myself, and some example figures for speed vs power are:
100W 25.8kph
165W 31.4kph
240W 36.2kph
260W 37.3kph
350W 41.8kph
414W 44.4kph

Those are SRM power figures, the Wattbox reads a few Watts higher. It took several months for mine to become "run in" to reach those speeds at the given power figures, but it has been stable at the same level for several months now.

The temperature according to the Garmin is generally around 16C where I train, so perhaps you train in a higher temperature and the lower air density makes yours spin faster? Or maybe you live significantly above sea level?
Last edited by: Steve Irwin: Dec 1, 14 9:24
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Steve Irwin] [ In reply to ]
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Steve Irwin wrote:
That table was derived from Tom A's data, rather than being what I've found is needed. I have since then purchased a Lemond myself, and some example figures for speed vs power are:
100W 25.8kph
165W 31.4kph
240W 36.2kph
260W 37.3kph
350W 41.8kph
414W 44.4kph

Those are SRM power figures, the Wattbox reads a few Watts higher. It took several months for mine to become "run in" to reach those speeds at the given power figures, but it has been stable at the same level for several months now.

The temperature according to the Garmin is generally around 16C where I train, so perhaps you train in a higher temperature and the lower air density makes yours spin faster? Or maybe you live significantly above sea level?


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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [Steve Irwin] [ In reply to ]
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Steve Irwin wrote:
That table was derived from Tom A's data, rather than being what I've found is needed. I have since then purchased a Lemond myself, and some example figures for speed vs power are:
100W 25.8kph
165W 31.4kph
240W 36.2kph
260W 37.3kph
350W 41.8kph
414W 44.4kph

Those are SRM power figures, the Wattbox reads a few Watts higher. It took several months for mine to become "run in" to reach those speeds at the given power figures, but it has been stable at the same level for several months now.

The temperature according to the Garmin is generally around 16C where I train, so perhaps you train in a higher temperature and the lower air density makes yours spin faster? Or maybe you live significantly above sea level?

Appreciate the reply.

I'm training in a utility room and the temperature as reported by the Garmin was 19C. Also, I'm virtually at sea level, living just 1.5 miles from the coast of the North Sea in Kent.

I happened to do a session on the LeMond last night, and was getting the following:

18mph / 29kph - 140W
19mph / 30.5kph - 160W
20mph / 32kph - 180W
21mph / 33.7kph - 210W
22mph / 35.4kph - 240W

so it was roughly jumping up in 20W jumps upto 20mph, and roughly 30W thereafter. We seem to be a little closer than I thought we were previously....

(at least that seems to suggest that my Wattbox & Edge 810 are reporting ok) - I did find, for the first time that I've noticed, that on occasion and for periods of upto 10/15 seconds, the speed reported on the Edge would drop down to 10% of what it actually was, despite all other data like power and cadence remaining consistent and correct - figured it was temporary interference of some kind, or could this mean that the transmission batteries in the Wattbox are on the wain?
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Re: What's the "virtual" CdA and Crr of the LeMond Revolution? [RChung] [ In reply to ]
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RChung wrote:
Steve Irwin wrote:
That table was derived from Tom A's data, rather than being what I've found is needed. I have since then purchased a Lemond myself, and some example figures for speed vs power are:
100W 25.8kph
165W 31.4kph
240W 36.2kph
260W 37.3kph
350W 41.8kph
414W 44.4kph

Those are SRM power figures, the Wattbox reads a few Watts higher. It took several months for mine to become "run in" to reach those speeds at the given power figures, but it has been stable at the same level for several months now.

The temperature according to the Garmin is generally around 16C where I train, so perhaps you train in a higher temperature and the lower air density makes yours spin faster? Or maybe you live significantly above sea level?



Those differences are probably due to differences in belt wear/tension between the units.

It's for that reason that a coastdown procedure to calibrate that out was implemented into the original Power Pilot. I was disappointed to find out that this was not carried over into the Watt Box product.

http://bikeblather.blogspot.com/
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